UNIT 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 3 /ʌ/

LESSON 3 /ʌ/

COMMON SPELLING PATTERNS

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u                                  gut, fund, rubber

o                                  son, love, dove

ou                                cousin, enough

Source: (Mojsin, 2016)

HOW TO PRONOUNCE

  1. Open your mouth a bit.
  2. Mouth opening is slightly bigger than /ə/ (lesson 4).
  3. The back part of your tongue moves down a bit.
  4. Produce a very short sound. (アッ)

英語耳 p. 66

COMMON JAPANESE MISTAKE

Students usually pronounce this sound as /ɑ/.

MINIMAL PAIRS /ʌ/ /ɑ/

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Read and listen to the differences between /ʌ/and /ɑ/.
Test your listening skill by asking someone to RANDOMLY read a word and try to guess which word was read.
/ ʌ / /ɑ/
nut /nʌt / not   /nɑ:t /
but /bʌt/ bot /bɑ:t /
luck /lʌk / lock /lɑ:k /
stump /stʌmp / stomp /stɑ:mp /

Note: Other references consider /ə/(unaccented) and /ʌ/ (accented) the same; however, these two are different. Refer to table 1.1.  and the audio file (/ə/,/ʌ/ )

LET US PRACTICE

Practice pronouncing the /ʌ/ sound using the words below.

HOW TO PRACTICE
  1. LISTEN to the audio file.
  2. COPY how the words are pronounced.
  3. SLOWLY read the words.
  4. LOOK at your mouth and tongue movement using a MIRROR.
  5. ALWAYS practice.
TWO-SYLLABLE WORDS /ʌ/
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INITIAL

  1. ugly

/ʌ́gli/

  1. under

/ʌ́ndɚ/

  1. unknown

/ʌ̀nóun/

MEDIAL

  1. younger

/jʌ́ŋgɚ/

  1. enough

/inʌ́f/

  1. number

/nʌ́mbɚ

THREE-SYLLABLE WORDS /ʌ/
Highlight and click the word to listen to its pronunciation or click the play button to listen to all the words.

INITIAL

  1. undamaged

/ʌndǽmidʒd/

  1. uppercase

/ʌ́pɚkeis/

  1. unsalted

ʌ̀nsɔ́ltid/

MEDIAL

  1. another

/ənʌ́ðɚ/

  1. countryside

/kʌ́ntrisaid/

  1. wonderful

/wʌ́ndɚfl/

LET US PHRASE IT

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  1. toughen up

/tʌ́fn ʌ́p/

  1. under the sun

/ʌ́ndɚ ðə sʌ́n/

  1. uncle’s brother

/ʌ́ŋkls brʌ́ðɚ/

  1. young undercover

/jʌ́ŋ ʌ̀ndɚkʌ́vɚ/

TONGUE TWISTER

Highlight and click the word to listen to its pronunciation or click the play button to listen to all the words.

My brother loves summer months in the countryside.

/mai brʌ́ðɚ lʌ́vs sʌ́mɚ mʌ́nts in ðə kʌ́ntri:said/

Click here to download ALL the AUDIO FILES